Case Study Dishwasher Industry

Introduction Dishwashers date back to 1850. The first dish washers were huge contraptions that would accommodate many dishes at ago. These dish washers used steam power and were supplied with hot water. Later came various models that would hold dishes on cradles and rock them through water.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Case Study: Dishwasher Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Later came, dish washers that had paddles that would slosh water on all sides of the dishes (Livens, 1924). Some had circular racks that would hold the dishes and rotate them in the water. In others dishes were held in racks and water would be circulated through them. 1875 saw C.E Hope-Vere invent the first water-jet dish washer. Josephine Cochrane invented the modern dish washer in 1887. Though it was hand-powered, it was more advanced than the earlier inventions. Discovery of units installed with stable plumbing began in 192 0 (Womack, Daniel Roos, 1990). Miniature dish washers fit for household use were discovered by William Howard Livens in 1924. Components of a dishwasher A dish washer’s major constituents are made from plastic and steel. Its basic structure is made from steel as well as the door panel. This comes as prefinished coiled steel sheet. The dishes’ rack is made of steel. It comes as coiled wire. These racks are coated with nylon or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) which prevents the dishes from being scratched. Inside the dish washer is a tub that holds the washer arms and the rack in place. This tub is injection-molded in the dish washer using tablets of poly-propylene plastic- a strong plastic that does not react with chemicals found in detergents. It is also heat and water resistant. Inside the door and behind the control panel is a control mechanism. This system controls sets time for every component of the cycle as well as activating the right function at the right time (Liven s, 1924). For example it determines when to release the detergent, wash spray as well as when to drain. In more complex plant, the control mechanism is computerized. See the diagram below for a clear running dishwasher model.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Intake valve An intake valve brings water from the water supply into the dish washer. It functions by opening and allowing water pressure to drive water into the plant. Pump According to Davis (2009), a pump is powered by an electric motor. It is set up underneath the basin, right at the heart of the unit. Throughout the pump phase, this pump compels water into the spray jets. The pump diverts water into a drain tube during the drain phase. There are two types of pump: A reversible pump switches between directing water into the spray jets and directing water into the drain by turning around the course of the motor. Reversible pumps are normally mounted vertically. A non-reversible pump on the other hand ensures water flows in a single direction. The direction of water flow is exchanged from spray jet to drain by a solenoid that opens and shuts the suitable taps or exchanges one hose link to another (Womack, Daniel Roos, 1990). These pumps are normally mounted horizontally. See the diagram below. The crest spray arm is positioned above the dishes and sprays downwards, wetting the rear side of glasses and bowls in the crest rack. This is an improvement of the ring-shaped top rack that allowed impeller water from the bottom of the plant to rise above then fall on top of the dishes.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Case Study: Dishwasher Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The spray arm is more efficient is more efficient as it cleans the rear side of the dishes allowing the enlargement of the higher rack so as to fill in the gap at the center of the spray area (Stamminger, 2003).. Pop up spray tower This extends upwards from the foot of the unit and uses the pressure of water to rise during washing sessions. Some units have a fixed tower spray arm instead of a pop up spray tower. The fixed tower spray is a middle level spray structure that allows huge spray-blocking items to be positioned in the lower rack and get water spurt up onto the base of dishes in the upper rack (Davis, 2009). Fixed/ Spinning jets These jets are found on the side walls of the washing section. The jets allow efficient cleaning of large dishes such as pots by turning them so as to face the walls and receive special cleaning from the jets. Front door The front door has a drop down feature with two or three racks that can be pulled out. These racks also known as baskets make the unit more efficient as the â€Å"pull-out† feature enable the user to remove or place dishes without having to stretch your hand deep in order to reach the far dishes(Livens, 1924). The inside structure of the unit is made of plastic or stainless steel. Tubs made of stainless steel are resistant to hard water as well as more efficient in preservation of drying heat. Hard food disposal components enable the plant to get rid of chunks of food particles in the washing water. However, this component is noisy and may be omitted. This means that the food particles should be removed before placing the dishes in the dish washer. Microprocessor controlled function helps in regulating the wash period to the amount of unclean items. Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Bimetal Switch This is a device that unlocks the detergent flap during the washing phase. A child lock-out device blocks children from opening the dish washer door while the cycle is running, thus avoiding accidents that may be caused by strong detergents or hot water. The sound damping device helps in reducing the amount of noise during the wash sessions. The device is made of sound-absorbing materials like blankets. This may lower noise levels down to 39 decibels (Davis, 2009). Diagram below show an open dishwasher. Dish washer detergents contain alkaline salts that fight and dissolve fats and oils; bleaching agents that break down and bleach natural sediments; anti-corrosion agents that protect dish washer elements from corrosion and phosphates that help dissolve magnesium and calcium ions thus avoiding lime-scale sediments. However, these are not eco-friendly and are beginning to be phased out. The detergents also contain surfactants that are non-ionic in nature (Sharma et al., 2003). These surfactants protect the dishes from forming droplet spots when dry. They also lower the water’s surface tension as well as emulsify fats, lipids and oils. Another component of dish washer detergents is enzymes that help in dissolving and breaking up food sediments that are protein in nature as well as lipids, fats and oils. Rinse aids have surfactants that protect dishes from forming droplets while drying. A built-in water softener helps in removing magnesium and calcium ions. See the picture for a dish washer detergent tablet. Dishwashers have a drying device that produces heat thus drying the dishes after the ultimate hot rinse. Incorporating a fan makes drying more efficient. Controlling levels of inventories for a dish washer’s components is necessary as it helps in maximizing profits in the manufacture of the unit (Livens, 1924). This may be achieved by; replacing electromechanical rotary switch with a micro processor that uses a sensor. The micropr ocessor is cheaper and does not require a pressure switch as it has a motor sensor that senses the resistance of water. If it sense cavitations, then the amount of water is not optimal. See the diagrams below for commercial dish washers with dryers. Commercial Hobart dish washer Commercial dish washer A cheaper and more environment friendly way of controlling inventories is coating the inside of a dish washer with a glass reinforced polypropylene (GB266WG) that is detergent-resistant. This offers durability on the unit as well as cost effective benefits in the manufacture process of the plant. It is light in weight as well as long-lasting. This enables it to endure violent surroundings within the dish washer. It is more resistant to detergents as compared to steel. It also augments the life span of other structural components of a dish washer such as frames (Stamminger, 2003). It reduces ageing results of oxygen, light as well as wear and tear caused by continued use. GB266WG is m ore efficient in the manufacture process as it enables producers to lower inventories by using the one PP instead of different PP substances that are normally used in order to reduce the corrosive effect of detergents. This protects the unit from discoloration, loss of gloss, strength, flexibility or strength and scratching. Its light weight enables easier holding and movement of the components as well as the finished product. It reduces energy use as it is made of plastic substance (Sharma et al., 2003). It reduces acoustic and thermal transmission thus lessening the call for detached insulation substances. This reduces costs of production further. Its stiff characteristic enables water tight link with other parts of the unit like frame. An alternative method of reducing cost of production is lean manufacturing. This is eliminating wastes from a firm’s operations. Wastes in this case refer to any exploit or loss of assets that doesn’t lead to creation of a product dir ectly. This type of manufacturing follows six steps of effective production. These are; Specifying worth from a customer’s point of view Noting all the significant stages necessary to bring the item to a customer Removing all the stages that do not add value Creation of a smoothly flowing process Pulling from the upstream process if flowing is impossible Continuing the process ensuring there are no waste products Application of lean in the disposal of waste is highly cost effective in the manufacture process as it brings about efficiency in the initial stage. It helps in product refinement in order to add value. By eliminating waste, it saves time, labor and resources. This leads to production of high quality units thus reducing the need for repairs upon usage of the product. An application of lean manufacturing of dish washers by G.E in 2009, resulted in reduction of inventories by 60%, improved labor efficiency by 30%, lowered time of production by 68% and reduced space o f production (Stamminger, 2003). The low cost of production realized from lean manufacturing results in low selling price, attracting more customers and thus fetching higher profits. References Davis, C. B. (2009). The simplicity connection: creating a more organized, simplified and sustainable life. Victoria, USA: Trafford Publishing. Livens, W. H. (1924). Improvements in apparatus for washing household crockery and the like. FR579765. UK: Intellectual Property Office. Sharma, A., Jain, H., Carnali, J. O., Lugo, G. M. (2003). Influence of the manufacturing Process on corrosion behavior of soda-lime-silicate glassware. Journal of the American Ceramics Society, 86 (10), 1669. Stamminger, R. (2003). A European comparison of cleaning dishes by hand. Proceedings of EEDAL conference. Womack, J. P., Daniel, T. J. Roos, D. (1990). The machine that changed the world. New York: Simon Schuster. This case study on Case Study: Dishwasher Industry was written and submitted by user Edgar O. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Essay on War

Essay on War The history of the world comprises a number of wars and the students are required to write essays on war such as essay on civil war, essay on Iraq war, essay on world war, essay on cold war, essay on Vietnam war, essay on world war I, essay on world war II, essay on Korean war, war on terror essay and essay on Spanish American war, etc. For writing essays on war, the students should be well read about the war for which they are writing an essay on war. The essays on war should be informative in terms of the war topic that the student is assigned to write on. In an essay on war, you should give certain aspects of wars such as what are the causes of the war, what are the after effects of the war, the destruction that the war has caused and the involvement of parties who are at the back of war. All the aspects of the war should be depicted in an essay on war, which will make it a strong essay. The format of an essay on war should be like that, that the writer must give the background of the war and should gradually move towards its impacts, the affected people and at the end; the havocs of war should be described. All types of essays on war such as essay on civil war, essay on Iraq war, essay on world war and essay on cold war and others should be written by following the same pattern that is described earlier. The essays on war should contain a full-fledged introduction in which you should introduce the war on which you are writing an essay on war. For writing a persuasive essay on war, all the aspects described above should be considered while writing an essay on war because by considering those aspects you will do a deep research in terms of that war. While writing a war essay, you should be neutral which means that you should not depict any kind of prejudice in your essay on the war. An unbiased essay on war will make your essay more persuasive and readable. In your essay on war, you can also indicate the harmfulness of wars that are fought. The countries who fight with one another keep the lives of their citizens on stake and then the citizens face the after effects of war so, your essay on war can also work as peace proposal for the countries who have fought earlier on or who are planning to do a war.

Corporate Finance Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Corporate Finance Assignment - Essay Example Mergers and acquisitions create the potential for strengthening the market as well as technological superiority for developing the overall growth of the company with benefits. The cost of production can also be reduced and operational efficiencies can be improved with an emphasis on enhancement of value of brand bringing more goodwill for an achievement that would be spell bounding and financial feasible as well as it is viable for growth (Pautler, 2003). The ideas of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) create an opportunity that would rekindle the companies involved to assess their financial strengths based on an analysis of their products of their money spinners. Some product lines of offering company might be substituted by the divestment of the business involved in that product lines for betterment of turnover because of the offeree company’s strength in the market. This is with certain product lines that would add value addition to the business of offering company. Alternatively, there are circumstances that other big product lines may be pursued by the offering company that contributes nearly 100% of their turnover. Such product lines are strengthened further by the scheme of mergers and acquisitions with the offerree company. Secondly, the advantage in financial terms for a substantial purchase consideration is on the cards while going ahead with the scheme of mergers and acquisitions. For instance, a company with product lines of industrial products contributing less than 15% of the turnover and 85% of the turnover being contributed by real estate in early 1980s could go ahead with a scheme of merger and acquisitions. Such a company after realizing its full potential with realizations of industrial products divested its stake with the scheme of mergers and acquisitions with their real estate arm of business to derive the full potential from both the product lines for a few years. Later when expansion was on the cards for big boom in real estate

See attachments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

See attachments - Essay Example United States also used Gemini capsules to set out weapons and do surveillance of the outer space and the earth. This task highlights the endeavors taken by the United Nations in securing the use of the space. This task looks at the possibility of having the future war in the space. With the increased superiority struggle between different states over control of the space, there is a possibility that, indeed, the future war could be in the space. Satellites follow definite paths as they go around the earth. Likewise, other celestial bodies that move around other bodies follow regular pathways. Classification of orbits takes different approaches depending on the position of the orbit. They can be classified based on a number of considerations. Astronauts have devised taxonomy of orbits based on Centric Classifications, Inclination Classifications, Altitude Classification in Geocentric Orbits, Classifications based on Eccentricity, Synchronicity Classifications, Classifications based on galaxies and Galaxy Models, Pseudo-Orbital Classifications and other special classifications3. Special taxonomy of orbits classifies orbits into sun synchronous orbits and moon orbits. Sun synchronous orbits are those that combine inclination and altitude in such a manner that the satellite on the orbits passes over a particular point on the surface of the planet at the same local solar time. Such orbits place a satellite on a constant sunlight exposure and are useful for spying, imaging and as weather satellites. Moon orbits have the orbital traits of the Earth’s Moon. They lie at an average altitude of 238,857 miles and are elliptically inclined. Pseudo-Orbit Classification classifies orbits into Horseshoe Orbits, Lunar Transfer Orbits (LTO), Retrograde Orbits, Prograde Orbits and Halo Orbits4. To a ground observer, a Horseshoe Orbit appears to be orbiting another planet while in real sense they usually co-orbit another

Harassment in workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Harassment in workplace - Essay Example An employee with a minimum of one-year of continuous service can make a claim for an unfair or wrongful dismissal. An employee with less than one-year service can make a claim under common law provisions only. It is to be observed that the wrongful dismissal covers only the compensation of employee’s pay for the notice period. (â€Å"Thavarajah 2008: 57†). In constructive dismissal, there will not any dismissal from the employer. Actually, in such cases, the employee is driven out of his employment due to the scenario at his workplace. (â€Å"Thavarajah 2008: 11†). In Bouzourou v The Ottoman Bank1, Privy Council was of the opinion that an employee to consider himself as being terminated , if his transfer to another place made him vulnerable to disease or expose him to an aggressive peril of violence . (Thavarajah 2008: 10). In Wang Chee Hong v Cathay Organisation, it was held that in case of a transfer, which pushed back the plaintiff to a place of fewer responsi bilities though with the analogues’ conditions where the plaintiff refused to accept that transfer is nothing but a dismissal. Thus, such relegation of accountability with its outcome of frustration and humiliation and loss of reputation among colleagues made it not possible for the plaintiff to continue the service in the organisation and hence, it should be regarded as dismissal. The identical views were also expressed in JF Bumpus v Standard Life Assurance Co Ltd2, Cox v Philips Industries3. (Thavarajah 2008: 11). The constructive unfair dismissal has been explained in Western Excavating (EEC) V Sharp4, where it would be regarded as unfair constructive dismissal if an employer is culpable of infringement, which goes to the very root of the contract or if he had shown an inclination no longer to be accountable by it. In such scenarios, the employee is empowered to consider the contract as ceased and himself being dismissed. In United Bank v Akhtar5, it was held that in a ba nk employee’s service contract stated that he could be transferred to any of its bank branches within the UK, and the employee turned down to move to Birmingham from Leeds branch at a shorter notice and hence resigned from the job and later, she claimed the constructive unfair dismissal. It was held by EAT in this case that the employee had been constructively dismissed, and his demeanour did not warrant that dismissal. (Scrope & Barnett 2008: 211). In Cape Industrial Services Ltd v Ambler6, when considering whether there has been an unfair constructive dismissal, the Court of Appeal was of the view that the following had to be taken into consideration. What were the significant conditions of the contract seemed to be infringed? Whether the details of the breaches have been made out. Whether breaches are fundamental in nature. If so, whether an employee has been driven to resign due to such a breach. Whether the employer has demonstrated any probable fair grounds for the cons tructive dismissals. Whether, in such scenario, the employer has acted unreasonably or reasonably in treating the grounds as an adequate one warranting dismissal. (Scrope & Barnett 2008:211). In Green v DB Group Services (UK) Ltd7, HC, compensation for stress oriented injury can be very liberal and in this case, a bank was held vicariously accountable for a continuous campaign of harassment and bullying witnessed by a female secretary who was awarded damages in excess of ?850,000. (Scrope & Barnet

The Communication Process Cycle

The Communication Process Cycle The word communication derived from the Latin word communis that means to impart, to participate, to share or to make common. It is a process of exchange of facts, ideas, and opinions and as a means that individual or organization share meaning and understanding with one another. In the other words, it is a transmission and interacting of facts, ideas, opinion, feeling and attitudes. It is the ability of mankind to communicate across barriers and beyond boundaries that has ushered the progress of mankind. It is the ability of fostering speedy and effective communication around the world that has shrunk the world and made globalization a reality. Communication had a vital role to play in ensuring that people belonging to a particular country or a culture or linguistic group interact with and relate to people belonging to other countries or culture or linguistic group. Communication adds meaning to human life. It helps to build relationship and fosters love and understanding. It enriches our knowledge of the universe and makes living worthwhile. The Communication Process / Cycle The transmission of senders ideas to the receiver and the receivers feedback or reaction to the sender constitute the communication cycle. The process of communication begins when one person (the sender) wants to transmit a fact, idea, opinion or other information to someone else (the receiver). This facts, idea or opinion has meaning to the sender. The next step is translating or converting the message into a language which reflects the idea. That is the message must be encoded. The encoding process is influenced by content of the message, the familiarity of sender and receiver and other situation of factors. After the message has been encoded, it is transmitted through the appropriate channel or medium. Common channel in organization includes meeting, reports, memorandums, letters, e-mail, fax and telephone calls. When the message is received, it is decoded, by the receiver and gives feedback to the sender as the conformation about the particular message has been carefully understand or not. Furthermore, the process of communication involves that (sender, message, encoding, communication channel, receiver, decoding and feedback). Therefore, person who desires to convey the message is known as sender. Sender initiates the message and changes the behavior of the receiver. Message is a subject matter of any communication also might involve any fact, idea, opinion or information. It must exist in the mind of the sender if communication is to take place. For encoding the communicator of the information organizes his idea into series of symbols (Words, signs, etc.) which, he feels will communicate to the intended receiver or receivers. Moreover, communication channel be has to select the channel for sending the information. Communication channel is the media through which the message passes. It is the link that connects the sender and the receiver. For receiver person who receives the message is called receiver or receiver is the person to whom the particular message is sent by the transmitter. The communication process is incomplete without the existence of receiver of the message. It is a receiver who receives and tries to understand the message. Additionally, decoding is the process of interpretation of an encoded message into the understandable meaning. Decoding helps the receiver to drive meaning from the message. Lastly, is feedback in communication process / cycle. Communication is an exchange process. For the exchange to be complete the information must go back to whom from where it started (or sender), so that he can know the reaction of the receiver. The reaction or response of the receiver is known as feedback. Brain drain: On whole process there is a possibility of misunderstandings at any level and is called brain drain. It may arise on sender side if they do not choose the adequate medium for delivery of message, by using default channel and it may also arise when receiver does not properly decode the message. In other words, we can say that it is breakdown of cycle at any level. Refer below (figure1.0 figure2.0) the communication process. Verbal Interpersonal Communication Effective our verbal or spoken communication is dependent on a number of factors and cannot be full isolated from other important interpersonal skills such as. The process involved and the steps we can take that verbal communication are (speaking skills, listening skills, self-Disclosure, conflict and assertiveness, gender and verbal communication and barriers to effective verbal communication). 3.1 Speaking skills To communicate effectively, speakers need to consider background, needs, and abilities of listeners. Moreover, Messages conveyed more effectively when spoken in simple, concrete, and specific way and Good speakers make verbal and nonverbal messages consistent. 3.2 Listening skills Listening skills is also a very important in communication. By listening, the listener is able to interpret and understand what the speaker is trying to input to the listener. In order for the listener to get the information more effectively, the listener should not hog the conversation but should pay careful attention to the person talking. The listener also should use reflective listening and paraphrasing skill to respond back to the speaker. If ever the listener wants to give any feedback, the listener should give the feedback in a competent manner. However, listening is not the same as hearing. Listening means paying attention not only to the story, the use of language and voice, and hoe the other person uses his or her body. Adults spend average of 70% of their time some of communication, of this average of 45% of their listening compare to 30% speaking, 16% reading and 9% is writing. (Refer below figure 3.0) 3.3 Self-Disclosure The communication for self-disclosure is defined as a psychological term as sharing with someone information which helps them understands you. Moreover, for the several important factors that influences self-disclosure and the state of the relationship involve that speak for yourself offer your own thoughts, feeling and opinions. Use sense describes what we see, touch, taste and smell. Additionally, describe what you are feeling and what you do and how you behave. It is important to note that self-disclosure should be voluntary process. 3.4 Conflict and Assertiveness As you become more assertive, there are four basic ways to resolve conflict that is aggressive, manipulative, passive and assertive. The goal of aggressive behavior is to gain control or power. When you are aggressive, you express needs and want freely but in a hostile, tactless, or angry manner. For the manipulative refers to making attempts at indirectly influencing someone elses behavior or actions. As human beings, our emotions often cloud our judgments making it difficult to see the reality behind hidden agendas or motives in different forms of behavior. The controlling aspects or shrewdness linked to manipulation are sometimes very subtle and may be easily overlooked, buried under feelings of obligation, love, or habit. In this article youll learn some ways to pick up on manipulative behavior occurring around you, so that you can sort it rather than jump to it. Furthermore, the goal of passive behavior may result in a persons rights being violated. The passivity may consist of hesitant speech, and avoidance of eye contact. Passive behavior usually reflects the underlying belief that ones feelings arent important, or that one is too weak to act on those feelings. Lastly, the goal of assertive behavior is to resolve conflicts in a way that is satisfying for both you and others. When you are assertive, you express problems, feelings, needs, and wants in a way that is both self-satisfying and socially effective. 3.5 Gender and Verbal Communication Every race, culture, civilization, and society on this planet shares two things in common: the presence of both men and women, and the need to communicate between the two. Gender and verbal communication is how each biological sex use verbal communication. There are many differences in how of both men and women, and the need to communicate between the two. Men are found to speak more in general as women are found to speak more in detail and specific. For example, if a friend has a nice house, a man would say, This is a nice place. A women would say, This is such a nice place, the kitchen is nice, living room so huge, and the bathroom also neat. An experiment had shown verbal communication of both genders to be affected as early as birth and these differences last until passing away. Barriers of Communication There are many reasons why interpersonal communications may fail. In many communications, the message may not be received exactly the way the sender intended and hence it is important that the communicator seeks feedback to check that their message is clearly understood. There exist many barriers to communication and these may occur at any stage in the communication process. Barriers may lead to your message becoming distorted and you therefore risk wasting both time and money by causing and misunderstanding. Effective communication involves overcoming these barriers and conveying a clear and concise message. Moreover, a categories of language barriers to communication include that clearly, language and linguistic. Nevertheless, even when communication in the same language, the terminology used in a message may act as a barrier if it is not fully understood by the receiver. Conclusion Effective of communication is a major part in achieving your educational goals. Effectively communicating with your teachers and peers is essential when it comes to your learning. Many times your instructor is the sender. Her job is to send you messages that include information about the skill you need to learn. Your instructors messages might include lectures or handouts for you. Your peers can also be the senders of a message. Many times learners are asked to work together as a team. You might be asked to work on a specific activity that would require you to receive messages from other team members or an appointed leader. Sometimes you may be asked to be the sender. Remember that communication involves speaking, listening, and observing. Communication is a two-way process that involves getting your message across and understanding what others have to say. Communication involves active listening, speaking and observing. Now that you have learned the communication process, you can begin to evaluate your communication skills. Begin to watch yourself in action. Each time you communicate observe what you do, how it went, what went well, and what could have been better.

Boundary Lines - Gender Through The Prism Of Difference Essay -- sexua

Sexual harassment is still not recognized today by many individuals as an actual offense. Sexual harassment was talked about and was recognized in 1976 but the law making it illegal was not passed until 10 years later in 1986. The law states that â€Å"it is unlawful to harass a person because of their sex. Harassment can include sexual harassment or unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical harassment of a sexual nature.† The law doesn’t include simple teasing, small comments or incidents that aren’t serious. But it becomes illegal when it happens more than once and the severity of the comments makes the work environment uncomfortable. The problem today is knowing what is actually considered sexual harassment as everyone takes it differently and when comments or jokes are being taken too far. Chapter 36 discusses a study that focused on waitressing as many restaurants have an obviously sexualized workplace. The book says â€Å"sexual attractiveness and flirtation are often institutionalized parts of a waitpersons job description.† When applying for jobs many workplaces hire attractive looking women, as they believe it will attract more people to their business. I find this to be unfair as men do not have this standard. When men apply for a job they look directly at the individual’s skills, not what they look like. It used to be said that in addition to popularity and access to their choice of a mate, attractive people tend to receive higher evaluations and salaries than their peers so people would then assume that it would always be an advantage to be an attractive male or female in the workplace. But this is not true in all cases. Newer research shows that being an attractive man was an advan... ... if you are married they will still say inappropriate comments to you, even if they know who your married to, some guys just don’t care. In the end sexual harassment is not okay, especially in the workplace. Women shouldn’t have to feel like they are just an object at work. Women’s confidence can be lowered by receiving sexual harassing comments from men. Men should be respectful during work hours, even joking around about sex during work doesn’t seem appropriate if you’re working around other people who could hear you. Works Cited Giuffre, Patti A., and Christine L. Williams. "Boundary Lines." Gender Through The Prism Of Difference. 4th ed. New York: Oxford UP, 2011. 403-17. Print. Gomez, Evangeline. "Should Businesses Worry About Appearance-Based Discrimination in the Workplace?" Forbes. Forbes Magazine, 31 Jan. 2012. Web. 02 Dec. 2013.

Into the World Essay

â€Å"Individuals venturing into new experiences may encounter obstacles, but may also experience personal growth. † ‘Into the World’ is can be defined as aspects of growing up and transitions into new phases of an individual’s life. It can mean transitioning naturally, or change being thrust upon a person. In either case, any individual venturing into new experiences will encounter obstacles, but they will also experience personal growth. This is evident in the prescribed text, The Story of Tom Brennan by JC Burke, as well as my chosen text, I Was Only 19 by Redgum. The concept of ‘new experiences’ may not always start off positively. For example, in Burke’s novel, the protagonist, Tom Brennan, one fatal accident forced him and his family to flee their hometown of Mumbilli, forcing every character to undergo a catharsis. This causes Tom to become very withdrawn and introverted as he grows bitter and resentful of the whole situation and slowly getting pushed ‘back into that big, black hole’. He becomes very depressed, antisocial and isolated as he attempts to deal with the situation that his brother, Daniel, has caused. The author conveys the protagonist’s thoughts, feelings, attitudes and beliefs through a variety of techniques. The audience is aware of Tom’s growing guilt through the technique of first person writing. ‘Like I said, that was a low point. ’ (p124) The convincing, idiomatic, subjective voice of the teenage narrator creates a confidential relationship with the readers, as well as keeping them engaged. It also gives us insight into Tom’s inner most thoughts. As Tom plunges into intense feelings of guilt and animosity, he becomes numb to the struggles the other members of his family are facing. One of the most effective and engaging techniques used by the author to capture the reader’s attention, is the use of flashbacks. The Story of Tom Brennan is a nonlinear narrative, and this is first evident in the prologue, which has a reflective tone, when it changes from past tense to present tense. ‘†¦ so as not to remind them of their pain and what our family now meant to this town. My name is Tom Brennan, and this is my story. ’ However, these flashbacks finish after chapter 9, which is when Tom finally begins to accept the situation. As Tom and his family are forced to make a shameful and hasty departure from their once-loved, parochial hometown, they flee to Toms’ Gran’s house in Coghill. Tom hates living in his Gran’s house, and his subjectiveness creates a bias and negative image of her, as he promptly denigrates her efforts, particularly her ‘culinary disasters,’ claiming that her food looked like ‘a charred slab of cow’s shit. ’ He can’t understand why she copes with the situation is a stoic manner and she becomes somewhat like a ‘punching bag’ for Tom, as he releases all his anger on her. Their relationship is strained, hostile and lacks mutual tolerance and respect as he refers to her as ‘The Grandmother. ’ As Tom re-establishes a connection with ‘The Grandmother,’ he learns empathy, and this is evident in chapter 12 when Tom first realises that she cares for him more than he realises –‘Do you think I couldn’t see you fading away those first few weeks? ’ Their developing relationship is then strengthened as Tom decides to build her a chook pen. Rugby is the lynchpin that holds the novel together. Tom is placed as half-back on the St Bennies team that ‘couldn’t catch a cold. The team provides him with a solid ground to stand on and his teammates give him new relationships and ties to Coghill. Football symbolises the prestige of the ‘legend of the Brennan brothers,’ and Tom unknowingly uses football as a measure of what he had and what he’d lost, of what he can and can’t do. When Tom goes on the St. Bennies footy camp, he learns humility. After Tom speaks with his dad at camp, he realises that ‘winning had been everything at St John’s, but now I was confused, because I think Dad was trying to tell me that it wasn’t enough. ’ He then uses his skills to teach and lead St Bennies. Tom’s uncle, Brendan, has a therapeutic effect on Tom, and as he starts running with him in the mornings, he grows and matures as he tries to get fit enough to travel to Nepal, and this is evident in Brendan’s statement: ‘He was lucky to have you there, Tom. Even if he doesn’t remember it. ’ At first, Tom is hesitant to start running, ‘†¦ contemplating whether a ‘piss off’ was in order. ’ They run up the hill near Carmel’s property, ‘The Ascent,’ which she ‘reckoned it lead all the way to heaven,’ and this becomes symbolic of Tom’s struggle and his journey. The Ascent is an obstacle Tom must face, with the help of Brendan, in order to grow and bloom as he accepts the situation. Another factor that helps Tom heal is his friendship-turned-relationship with Chrissie, who also has a therapeutic effect on him. Chrissie is Tom’s confidante –‘I started talking. That’s what she did to me’, as she acts as a panacea to his pain, which he describes as ‘feeling bad all the time. ’ The concept of individuals venturing into new experiences is also explored in my chosen text, I Was Only 19 by Redgum. I as only nineteen presents the protest against conscription during the Vietnam War. It displays all the difficult experiences of a young man as well as his perspective towards the Vietnam War and the loss of his friend due to the war. The poem portrays war as a living hell and tells the audience the unseen, brutal ways of battle. It reflects on the horror and traumatising warfare that the young men had to go through. â€Å"I was only nineteen† is repeated in a sad, dull context as the lyrics are mostly describing the downside of the whole war concept. Through the themes, use of emotive language and vivid description, this repetition can easily be identified as setting a depressing and sympathetic tone. The use of rhetorical questions place emphasis on how the poet feels this experience has effected him â€Å"And why the Channel Seven chopper chills me to my feet? And what’s this rash that comes and goes, can you tell me what it means? † â€Å"And can you tell me doctor, why I still can’t get to sleep? † gives an example of repletion which has been used to emphasise the fact that the young men that have been taken to war and all the horrific experiences they’ve been through. The rhyming of the words of each line have been included to give a feel towards the song/poem and give a link towards each line and that there is a connection between the two lines – â€Å"And there’s me in my slouch hat with my SLR and greens. God help me, I was only nineteen. † The use of other poetic techniques, such as metaphors, are also used to emphasise the obstacles faced by young soldiers in warfare- â€Å"Was a war within yourself/ It was a long march from cadets/ And night time’s just a jungle dark and a barking M16. Another metaphor evident is â€Å"But you wouldn’t let your mates down til they had you dusted off. † This is used to represent the camaraderie and friendship instilled in the soldiers. In conclusion, individuals venturing into new experiences may encounter obstacles, but may also experience personal growth. In The Story of Tom Brennan, as well as I was only nineteen by Redgum, the concept of personal growth is explored. Both the soldier in I was only nineteen, as well as the Brennans, face multiple obstacles whilst telling their story.

Weird Naked Mole Rat Facts (Heterocephalus glaber)

Weird Naked Mole Rat Facts (Heterocephalus glaber) Every species of animal has its unique traits. However, some of the characteristics of the naked mole rat (Heterocephalus glaber) are quirky bordering on downright weird. Some people think the rats unique physiology could be studied to unlock immortality or find a way to prevent cancer. Whether or not this is true remains to be seen, but one thing is certain. The mole rat is an unusual creature. Fast Facts: Naked Mole Rat Scientific Name: Heterocephalus glaberCommon Names: Naked mole rat, sand puppy, desert mole ratBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: 3-4 inchesWeight: 1.1-1.2 ouncesLifespan: 32 yearsDiet: HerbivoreHabitat: East Africa grasslandsPopulation: StableConservation Status: Least Concern Description The naked mole rat queen is larger than the other rats within a colony. Geoff Brightling / Getty Images Its easy to recognize the naked mole rat by its buck-teeth and wrinkled skin. The rats body is adapted for life underground. Its protruding teeth are used for digging and its lips seal behind its teeth, to prevent the animal from eating dirt while burrowing. While the rat isnt blind, its eyes are small, with poor visual acuity. The naked mole rats legs are short and thin, but the rat can move forward and backward with equal ease. The rats arent completely bald, but they have little hair and lack an insulating fat layer beneath the skin. The average rat is 8 to 10 cm (3 to 4 in) in length and weighs 30 to 35 g (1.1 to 1.2 oz). Females are larger and heavier than males. Diet The rodents are herbivores, feeding primarily on large tubers. One large tuber can sustain a colony for months or years. The rats eat the interior of the tuber, but leave enough for the plant to regenerate. Naked mole rats sometimes eat their own feces, although this may be a social behavior rather than  a source of nutrition. Naked mole rats are preyed upon by snakes and raptors. The Only Cold-Blooded Mammal A naked mole rat would feel cool to the touch. Karen Tweedy-Holmes / Getty Images Human, cats, dogs, and even egg-laying platypuses are warm-blooded. As a rule, mammals are thermoregulators, able to maintain body temperature despite external conditions. The naked mole rat is the one exception to the rule. Naked mole rats are cold-blooded or thermoconformers. When a naked mole rat is too hot, it moves to a deeper, cooler part of its burrow. When its too cold, the rat either moves to a sun-warmed location or huddles with its pals. Adaptation to Oxygen Deprivation Humans cant live very long without air. Dimitri Otis / Getty Images Human brain cells start to die within 60 seconds without oxygen. Permanent brain damage typically sets in after three minutes. In contrast, naked mole rats can survive 18 minutes in an oxygen-free environment without suffering any harm. When deprived of oxygen, the rats metabolism slows and it uses anaerobic glycolysis of fructose to make lactic acid to supply its cells with energy. Naked mole rats can live in an atmosphere of 80 percent carbon dioxide and 20 percent oxygen. Humans would die from carbon dioxide poisoning under these conditions. Habitat and Distribution The rats are native to the dry grasslands of East Africa, where they live in colonies of 20 to 300 individuals. Reproduction and Social Behavior Naked mole rats and other mole rats form colonies, much like bees and ants. Kerstin Klaassen / Getty Images What do bees, ants, and mole rats have in common? All are eusocial animals. This means they live in colonies that have overlapping generations, division of labor, and cooperative brood care. As in insect colonies, naked mole rats have a caste system. A colony has one female (queen) and one to three males, while the rest of the rats are sterile workers. The queen and males begin breeding at one year of age. The hormones and ovaries of worker females are suppressed, so if the queen dies, one of them can take over for her. The queen and the males maintain a relationship for several years. Naked mole rat gestation is 70 days, producing a litter ranging from 3 to 29 pups. In the wild, naked mole rats breed once a year, providing the litter survives. In captivity, the rats produce a litter every 80 days. The queen nurses the pups for a month. After this, smaller workers feed the pups fecal pap until they are able to eat solid food. Larger workers help to maintain the nest, but also protect the colony from attacks. Unusual Aging Process Biologically, an old naked mole rat and a young one are virtually indistinguishable. R. Andrew Odum / Getty Images While mice may live up to 3 years, naked mole rats can live up to 32 years. The queen doesnt experience menopause, but remains fertile throughout her lifespan. While naked mole rat longevity is exceptional for a rodent, its unlikely the species holds the Fountain of Youth in its genetic code. Both naked mole rats and humans have DNA repair pathways not present in mice. Another reason mole rats may outlive mice is because of their lower metabolic rate. Naked mole rats are not immortal. They die from predation and illness. However, mole rat aging does not adhere to the Gompertz law describing aging  in mammals. Research into naked mole rat longevity may help scientists unravel the mystery of the aging process. Cancer and Pain Resistance Unlike the naked mole rat, naked mice and other rodents are susceptible to tumors. littlepeggy / Getty Images While naked mole rats can catch diseases and die, they are highly resistant (not entirely immune) to tumors. Scientists have proposed multiple mechanisms for the rats remarkable cancer resistance. The naked mole rat expresses the p16 gene that prevents cells from dividing once they come in contact with other cells, the rats contain extremely high-molecular-mass hyaluronan (HMW-HA) which may protect them, and their cells have ribosomes capable of making nearly error-free proteins. The only malignancies discovered in naked mole rats were in captive-born individuals, which lived in a much more oxygenated environment than rats in the wild. Naked mole rats neither itch nor feel pain. Their skin lacks a neurotransmitter called substance P that is needed to send pain signals to the brain. Scientists believe this might be an adaptation to living in poorly ventilated species, where high levels of carbon dioxide cause acid to build up in tissues. Further, the rats dont feel temperature-related discomfort. The lack of sensitivity may be in response to the naked mole rats extreme habitat. Conservation Status The IUCN classifies the naked mole rat conservation status as least concern. Naked mole  rats are numerous within their range and are not considered to be endangered. Sources Daly, T. Joseph M.; Williams, Laura A.; Buffenstein, Rochelle. Catecholaminergic innervation of interscapular brown adipose tissue in the naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber). Journal of Anatomy. 190 (3): 321–326, April 1997.Maree, S. and C. Faulkes. . IUCN Red List of Threatened SpeciesHeterocephalus glaber. Version 2008. International Union for Conservation of Nature, 2008.ORiain, M. Justin; Faulkes, Chris G. African mole rats: eusociality, relatedness and ecological constraints. In Korb, Judith; Heinze, Jà ¶rgen. Ecology of Social Evolution. Springer. pp. 207–223, 2008.Park, Thomas J.; Lu, Ying; Jà ¼ttner, Renà ©; St. J. Smith, Ewan; Hu, Jing; Brand, Antje; Wetzel, Christiane; Milenkovic, Nevena; Erdmann, Bettina; Heppenstall, Paul A.; Laurito, Charles E.; Wilson, Steven P.; Lewin, Gary R. Selective Inflammatory Pain Insensitivity in the African Naked Mole-Rat (. PLoS Biology. 6 (1): e13, 2008.Heterocephalus glaber)Thomas J. Park; et al. Fructose-driven glycolys is supports anoxia resistance in the naked mole-rat. Science. 356 (6335): 307–311. April 21, 2017.

COMMENTS THAT MAKE ME WANT TO TRAVEL AND TEACH HARDER

COMMENTS THAT MAKE ME WANT TO TRAVEL AND TEACH HARDER C. Hope Clark I speak to a lot of writers in a lot of environments. From conferences to libraries, from private residences to communitycenters, I converse with writers struggling to make heads or tails out of this business. Im glad Im not starting out, but then again, sometimes I wish I was. Its like seeing a teenager dipping his toe into the world: you wish you were in his shoes, but then again, youre glad youre not. So I try to educate the best I can, using what I know, about writing, about trying to get off the ground and find places topublish and earn a few dollars to make it worth the time. But invariably I hear a comment from someone in the room, whether before the group or behind the scenes to me privately, that makes me realize someone isnt quite getting it yet. And it makes me wish I could touch more people, teach harder. Comments I hear: 1) Im almost done writing my book. How do I publish I want to sit down and have coffee with this person, take his hand, and tell him to quit thinking about publishing. When I tell people to focus more on writing, some get disgruntled with me. Easy for you to say, youre published. I get impatient, too, but try to get rid of the anxiousness to publish. It hurts your work. Edit and edit and edit to the point of fanatical. No, you cannot over edit. Not in this day and age. Not when 99.9 percent of the writers do not edit enough. 2) Why dont agents and publishers like regular mail anymore? Thats like asking why dont we churn our own butter. We can, but why do so when theres a cleaner, faster, easier way? Emails more efficient. Short and simple. 3) I cant afford to buy nice business cards/buy my own books/buy a good cover for my book/design a polished website. Thats like saying you bake great cakes but cant afford to place an ad in the paper that you are open for weddings and birthdays. If you intend to publish, you have to afford the promotion. Thats how people find you . . . and form their first impression of you . . . and determine if you are worthy of their investment. You find a way. Ferret the best possible FREE business cards online that appear professional. Barter content writing for web services. Make a goal to do magazine/content writing enough save to pay a graphic designer to make a book cover. Search out investors relating to your book content to cover the cost of your first run of books until you can afford to pay them back. 4) How do I promote ebooks in person? You dont. Ebook readers find their books online. It just makes sense to promote there as well. If you do not understand how the business works, stop and learn. If you proceed without being knowledgeable, you could fool yourself into thinking youll navigate the journey without incident. Some argue that entering the business in a naive manner is a way to step out and dare. Not knowing the pitfalls means you have nothing to fear, they say. It also means that youre willing to learn via the path called trial Dont understand? Ask questions. Listen. Absorb. Dont judge. Be open-minded. And stay positive. Its supposed to be hard.

Topic 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Topic 3 - Essay Example God, Tao, and the light address uncertainty in the way of living and derive a sense of goodness and integrity in the world. This paper will compare God, Tao and the light and establish how we access them and how the three deal with or address uncertainty. The book of Job seeks to define why the righteous suffer by presenting how God offers justice in case of human suffering. Indeed, in this book, God lets Satan destroy Job’s property and kill his children only for God to restore Job’s possessions in multiples. This derives an uncertainty about God, His justice, and the goodness in our way of living. The Allegory of the Cave presents the uncertainty in human life with respect to education. In this context, the sun acts as the source of light that derives human capacity to see where the sun symbolizes the Form of the Good. Notably, self-awareness eliminates cases of uncertainty in human life. The Tao Te Ching has 81 verses, which seeks to explain how to manifest goodness and integrity in our way of living in a world where many people are uncertainty about the reality of goodness and integrity in human life. Indeed, even the origin of the Tao Te Ching is not certain. It is clear that God, Tao and the light deal with and ac commodate uncertainty. From the book of Job, we can see that God is subjecting Job to suffering albeit some limitations. God limits Job’s misfortunes and Job and his friends fail to understand why God is punishing a righteous person like Job. They are indeed uncertain on how God works since they expected a just and righteous person like Job to get the justice he deserves. Ideally, God should reward the righteous and punish the wicked. Job and his friends believe in this assertion and hence their uncertainty on how God works leads them to choose between blaming Job or God. They almost gave up on the belief that God delivers justice since they would not understand how a just God could subject a righteous person to suffering. This book

Cheating cannot disappear in the school Research Paper

Cheating cannot disappear in the school - Research Paper Example Further, a cursory analysis with regards to the scope and impacts of unlimited cheating will be discussed. Firstly, it must be understood cheating is something of a social phenomena within the world. Although the impacts of cheating within scholastics have only recently come to a broad level of understanding, the fact of the matter is that cheating is a type of social problem that traces its origins back to the innate desire for an individual to gain a competitive advantage over his/her peers with the least amount of effort. Ultimately, the human spirit is one that continually seeks for self betterment and a level of advantage over their fellow students (Bing et al. 29). Oftentimes, this desire to be better engages the individual to try harder and exert their selves more fully. However, oftentimes, the case is that the individual seeks a shortcut with regards to maintaining an advantage and reaching a desired goal. This shortcut can either be the reduction in the overall quality of t he work that they represent or it can be referenced with regards to the fact that the seek to cheat in one form or the other as a means of providing themselves the benefits that had previously been mentioned. Regardless of the way in which cheating is defined, it must be understood cheating is not localized to the University or secondary education systems. Rather, from an early age, children are made aware of the fact that cheating is very much a part of adult life. From the way in which a colleague takes advantage of another and claims his/her own work as their own, the manner in which the government is cheated out of taxes (and individuals brag about this), or the manner through which deception is utilized in business deals, the young stakeholders presented with a litany of different situations in which cheating is both allowed and even promoted. Recognizing that cheating is a defensible approach to effecting the goals that they wish to accomplish, students engage in this process with not nearly enough reservations with regards to the negative ramifications of such a process can necessarily engage. Ultimately, the practice of cheating is reinforced within a young individual due to the fact that the process itself is oftentimes rewarded within both the adult world and the scholastic world. One does not need to look very hard to find a situation in which cheating within the corporate dynamic has provided an individual, or indeed entire corporation, with a great deal of benefit Orwell as compared to those that would have chosen the more ethical and/or moral approach. By much the same token, cheating within the scholastic realm has proven to be beneficial in many instances as well. A key proof of the situation has to do with the fact that information has recently been revealed that Moammar Gaddafi’s son, Saif, had plagiarized his PhD dissertation while studying in London. Naturally, proof of this